Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰedʰórse

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Reduplicated stative of the root *dʰers- (“to be bold, to dare”).

Verb

*dʰedʰórse (stative)^[1]

to dare

Inflection

Stative
3rd singular	*dʰedʰórse
3rd plural	*dʰedʰr̥sḗr
Active voice	Indicative	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
1st singular	*dʰedʰórsh₂e	—	*dʰedʰérsoh₂	*dʰedʰr̥syéh₁m̥
2nd singular	*dʰedʰórsth₂e	dʰedʰórs, dʰedʰr̥sdʰí	*dʰedʰérsesi	*dʰedʰr̥syéh₁s
3rd singular	*dʰedʰórse	*dʰedʰórstu	*dʰedʰérseti	*dʰedʰr̥syéh₁t
1st dual	*dʰedʰr̥swé	—	*dʰedʰérsowos	*dʰedʰr̥sih₁wé
2nd dual	*?	*dʰedʰr̥stóm	*dʰedʰérsetes	*dʰedʰr̥sih₁tóm
3rd dual	*?	*dʰedʰr̥stā́m	*dʰedʰérsetes	*dʰedʰr̥sih₁tā́m
1st plural	*dʰedʰr̥smé	—	*dʰedʰérsomos	*dʰedʰr̥sih₁mé
2nd plural	*dʰedʰr̥sé	*dʰedʰr̥sté	*dʰedʰérsete	*dʰedʰr̥sih₁té
3rd plural	*dʰedʰr̥sḗr	*dʰedʰr̥séntu	*dʰedʰérsonti	*dʰedʰr̥sih₁ént

Participle	*dʰedʰr̥swṓs

Descendants

Proto-Germanic: *durzaną (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰadʰárša
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dadʰárṣa
  - Sanskrit: दधर्ष (dadhárṣa)

References

^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

[1] Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

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