Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁su-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Possible metathesis of *h₁wes- (“good”), or perhaps related to *h₁es- (“to be”).^[1]

Hittite 𒀀𒀸𒋗𒍑 (āššuš, “good”) and possibly Epic Greek ἠΰς (ēǘs, id.) provide strong evidence for a u-stem adjective *h₁óh₁s-u-s, gen.sg. *h₁h₁s-éw-s,^[2] which would point to a reduplicated root *h₁es-. Since Proto-Indo-European apparently did not allow geminate clusters, the weak stem would have simplified to *h₁s-éw-; this could be the source of the combining form *h₁su-, with which it would be identical in the zero-grade.

*h₁su-^[3]

1. good

   Synonym: *h₁wes-

• *dus-

• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *sùdarwas
  • Lithuanian: sūdrùs
  • Proto-Slavic: *sъdorvъ
• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *suwrēt-, *surēt-
  • Lithuanian: surėsti
  • Proto-Slavic: *sъrěsti

• Proto-Celtic: *su- (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *su-
  • Lithuanian: su-
  • Proto-Slavic: *sъ-
• Proto-Hellenic: *ehu- (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hsu- (see there for further descendants)
  • → Old Armenian: հ- (h-) (or inherited and contaminated with the Iranian)