Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/népōts
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction
Due to the Greek form ἀνεψιός (anepsiós, “first cousin”) some reconstruct an initial laryngeal, rendering the reconstruction *h₂népōt. An alternative theory is that the Greek form reflects a compounded form *sm̥-neptiyos (“co-grandson”), expressing the reciprocity of the relation.
The reconstruction without a laryngeal has been suggested to be derived from *né (“not”) and *pótis (“master, lord, husband”).
Noun
*(h₂)népōts m or f (oblique stem *(h₂)n̥pt-)
- grandson
- descendant
- (possibly) nephew
Usage notes
The meaning "nephew" is confined to the west and center of the IE world.
Inflection
| Athematic, amphikinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *(h₂)népōts | ||
| genitive | *(h₂)n̥ptés | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *(h₂)népōts | *(h₂)népoth₁(e) | *(h₂)népotes |
| vocative | *(h₂)népot | *(h₂)népoth₁(e) | *(h₂)népotes |
| accusative | *(h₂)népotm̥ | *(h₂)népoth₁(e) | *(h₂)népotm̥s |
| genitive | *(h₂)n̥ptés | *? | *(h₂)n̥ptóHom |
| ablative | *(h₂)n̥ptés | *? | *(h₂)n̥ptmós, *(h₂)n̥ptbʰós |
| dative | *(h₂)n̥ptéy | *? | *(h₂)n̥ptmós, *(h₂)n̥ptbʰós |
| locative | *(h₂)népot, *(h₂)népoti | *? | *(h₂)n̥ptsú |
| instrumental | *(h₂)n̥ptéh₁ | *? | *(h₂)n̥ptmís, *(h₂)n̥ptbʰís |
Coordinate terms
Derived terms
Descendants
- Albanian: nip (possibly a Latin loanword), mbesë
- Balto-Slavic:
- Proto-Celtic: *neɸūss (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *nefô (see there for further descendants)
- Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: ἀνεψιός (anepsiós) (< *sm̥-neptiyos (“co-grandson”) or *h₂népōt)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *nápāts (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *nepōts (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Kildin Sami vocabulary. In: Haspelmath, M. & Tadmor, U. (eds.) World Loanword Database. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
Further reading
- Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 392
- Benveniste, Émile (1969) Le vocabulaire des institutions indo-européennes (in French), volume I, Paris: Les Éditions de Minuit, page 234