Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/nápāts

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *népōts.

Noun

*(H)nápāts m

Inflection

consonant stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*nápāts	*nápātā(w)	*nápātas
vocative	*nápat	*nápātā(w)	*nápātas
accusative	*nápātam	*nápātā(w)	*naptás
instrumental	*naptáH	*napdbʰyā́(m)	*napdbʰíš
ablative	*naptás	*napdbʰyā́(m)	*napdbʰyáH
dative	*naptáy	*napdbʰyā́(m)	*napdbʰyáH
genitive	*naptás	*naptHā́s	*naptáHam
locative	*nápati	*naptHáw	*naptsú

Derived terms

*HapáHam nápāts (“descendant of the Waters”)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hapā́m nápāts
  - Sanskrit: अपां नपात् (apā́ṃ nápāt)
- Proto-Iranian: *Hapā́m napāts
  - Avestan: 𐬀𐬞𐬄𐬨 𐬥𐬀𐬞𐬁𐬙 (apąm napāt)

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *nápāts
- Sanskrit: नपात् (nápāt)
  - Dardic:
    - Kalasha: nawáw
Proto-Iranian: *napāts
- Avestan: 𐬥𐬀𐬞𐬁𐬝 (napāt̰)
- Gurani: نەۋە (naʋa)
- Kurdish:
  - Northern Kurdish: nevî
  - Central Kurdish: نەوە (newe)
  - Southern Kurdish: نەوە (newe)
- Old Persian: 𐎴𐎱𐎠 (n-p-a /⁠napā⁠/)
  - Persian: نوه (nava)
Proto-Nuristani: *napāka (< *napātkás) (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Goto, Toshifumi (2013) Old Indo-Aryan Morphology and its Indo-Iranian Background (Veroffentlichungen zur Iranistik; 60)‎, Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, →ISBN, § 1.2.6. Stems in -tar-/-tr-/-tr̥􏱚-, page 32: “*napāt-s”
^ Schmitt, Rüdiger (2017–2018) “Chapter XVII: Indo-Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft ; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Indo-Iranian, page 1945: “*nápāt- ʻgrandsonʼ”

[Goto-1] Goto, Toshifumi (2013) Old Indo-Aryan Morphology and its Indo-Iranian Background (Veroffentlichungen zur Iranistik; 60)‎, Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, →ISBN, § 1.2.6. Stems in -tar-/-tr-/-tr̥􏱚-, page 32: “*napāt-s”

[HCHIEL-2] Schmitt, Rüdiger (2017–2018) “Chapter XVII: Indo-Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft ; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Indo-Iranian, page 1945: “*nápāt- ʻgrandsonʼ”