Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/swerd-

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 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*swerd-[1][2][3]

  1. dirty
  2. dark, black

Derived terms

  • *swórd-o-s[4]
    • Proto-Germanic: *swartaz (“black”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *swárdas
    • ⇒ Proto-Italic: *sword-ēō
      • Latin: sordeō (“to be dirty”) (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ *swordo-woris (“black water”, Balkan substrate name for a river)
  • *swórd-is[3]
    • Proto-Italic: *swordēi(s)

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*swartaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 392
  2. ^ Bläsing, Uwe (2000) “Irano-Turcica: Weitere iranische Elemente im Türkeitürkischen”, in Folia Orientalia‎ (in German), volume 36, Kraków, § 11, pages 43–44
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “sordēs, -is”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 576
  4. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1052
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