Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wósn̥

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 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From the root *wes- (“to sell, trade”) +‎ *-n̥.

Noun

*wósn̥ n[1][2]

  1. sale, trade
  2. price

Inflection

Old pattern:

Athematic, acrostatic
singular
nominative *wósn̥
genitive *wésn̥s
singular dual plural
nominative *wósn̥ — —
vocative *wósn̥ — —
accusative *wósn̥ — —
genitive *wésn̥s — —
ablative *wésn̥s — —
dative *wésney — —
locative *wésn̥, *wésni — —
instrumental *wésn̥h₁ — —

Possible later patterns:

Athematic, proterokinetic
singular
nominative *wósn̥
genitive *uséns
singular dual plural
nominative *wósn̥ — —
vocative *wósn̥ — —
accusative *wósn̥ — —
genitive *uséns — —
ablative *uséns — —
dative *uséney — —
locative *usén, *uséni — —
instrumental *usénh₁ — —
Athematic, amphikinetic
singular
nominative *wósn̥
genitive *usnés
singular dual plural
nominative *wósn̥ — —
vocative *wósn̥ — —
accusative *wósn̥ — —
genitive *usnés — —
ablative *usnés — —
dative *usnéy — —
locative *usén, *uséni — —
instrumental *usnéh₁ — —

Reconstruction notes

The original inflection type of the noun is opaque, since only thematic and verbal derivatives survive, but the fact that both e-grade (found in at least Latin and Armenian) and o-grade (found in at least Greek) forms exist could point to an acrostatic ablauting paradigm *wósn- ~ *wésn-. The zero-grade in Hittite would then be secondary.

Derived terms

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ὦνος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1680
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “vēnus/m”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 663: “*uos-n, *us-en-s”
  3. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “vásna-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “ušni̯ie/a-zi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 981: “*us-n-”
  5. ^ Weeks, David Michael (2006) Hittite Vocabulary: An Anatolian Appendix to Buck’s Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages. A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Indo-European Studies‎, Los Angeles, page 78
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 213
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