Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weyk-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Extension of *wey- (“to separate”).

*weyk-

1. to separate, to choose

• *wi-né-k-ti ~ wi-n-k-énti
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
    • Sanskrit: विनक्ति (vinakti)
• *wik-néh₂-ti
  • Proto-Germanic: *wikkōną (“to practice sorcery”) (see there for further descendants)
• *weyk-o-s
  • Proto-Germanic: *wīhaz (“sacred”) (see there for further descendants)
• *wéyk-o-m
  • Proto-Germanic: *wīhą (“sanctuary”) (see there for further descendants)
• *wik-tm̥mó-
  • Proto-Italic:
    • Latin: victima (see there for further descendants)

• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1128

*weyk- (perfective)

1. to contain, to envelop
2. to overcome

• *wik-é-ti (zero-grade thematic root present)
  • Proto-Celtic: *wiketi (“to fight”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *wiganą (see there for further descendants)
• *wi-né-k-ti ~ *wi-n-k-énti (nasal-infix present)
  • Proto-Italic: *winkō
    • Latin: vincō
• *wi-wéyk-ti ~ *wi-wik-énti (reduplicated athematic present)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wiwiktá
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wiwiktá
      • Sanskrit: विविक्त (viviktá)
• *wéyk-ye-ti (ye-present)
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: veĩkti
• *wéyk-tōr ~ *wik-tr-és
  • Italic: *wiktōr
    • Latin: victor
• *wóyk-os
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wáikas
    • Lithuanian: viẽkas
    • Proto-Slavic: *věkъ (“age”) (see there for further descendants)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Latvian: vīkt

• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1128

*weyk-

1. to become equal

• *we-woyk- (dupl. perfect)
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἔοικα (éoika)
• *wik-sḱeti
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἴσκω (ískō)
• *we-wik-sḱeti
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἐΐσκω (eḯskō)
• *wéyk-ō ~ *wik-nés
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: εἰκών (eikṓn)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἀεικής (aeikḗs)
    • Ancient Greek: εἰκάζω (eikázō)
    • Ancient Greek: εἴκελος (eíkelos)
    • Ancient Greek: ἐπιεικής (epieikḗs)

• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1129

*weyk-

1. to curve, bend
2. to exchange

• *weyg-

• *weyk-e-ti (root present)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *wéikō
    • Ancient Greek: εἴκω (eíkō)
• *wi-né-k- ~ *wi-n-k- (nasal-infix present)
  • Proto-Italic: *winkjō
    • Latin: vinciō
• *wik-i-s
  • Proto-Italic: *wikis
    • Latin: vicis (see there for further descendants)
  • ⇒ *weyk-i-eh₂
    • Proto-Italic: *wikiā
      • >? Latin: vicia (“vetch”) (see there for further descendants)
• wéyk-s (root noun)
  • >? Proto-Italic: *kerweiks (+ *ḱerh₂-)
    • Latin: cervīx (see there for further descendants)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Proto-Albanian: *uig-^[1]
    • Albanian: vig
      • Albanian: vigan
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wíkti
    • Proto-Iranian: *wíxti
      • Avestan: 𐬬𐬌𐬘 (vij, “to shake”)
      • Middle Persian: (wyc- /⁠wēz-⁠/, “to swing, fling, sprinkle”)
      • > Proto-Iranian: *ṷi-wíxti:
        • Middle Persian: (whyc /⁠wihēz⁠/, “to move, progress”), (whyck' /⁠wihēzag⁠/, “intercalary month”)
          • Persian: بهیزه (behize, “intercalary month in the Zoroastrian calendar”)
      • Sodgian:

        Christian Sogdian: ܘܝܨ (wyc /⁠wēč⁠/, “to move, shake”)

        Buddhaist Sogdian: 𐼴𐼷𐼿 (wyc /⁠wēč⁠/, “to move, shake”)

      • Persian:بیختن (bixtan, “to shake”) , آویختن (âvixtan, “to hang, suspend”)
      • Baluchi:گتک (gētk, “to put, swim, turn towards, abort”)
      • Zazaki: vijyanyış (vīžyāyiš, “to come out, appear”)
  • Proto-Germanic: *wihslaz
  • Proto-Germanic: *wīkwaną

• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1130