Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/walkás

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *wolko- of uncertain meaning; compare Proto-Slavic *volkъnò (“fiber”) and perhaps Old English wlōh, wlēh (“fringe”), as well as Lithuanian vil̃kti (“to drag, pull”), particularly if the original meaning was "to pull asunder plant fibers".^[1]^[2]

Noun

*walkás m

bark, leaf

Declension

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*walkás	*walkā́	*walkā́, -ā́s(as)
vocative	*walka	*walkā́	*walkā́, -ā́s(as)
accusative	*walkám	*walkā́	*walkā́ns
instrumental	*walkā́	*walkáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām	*walkā́yš
ablative	*walkā́t	*walkáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām	*walkáybʰyas
dative	*walkā́y	*walkáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām	*walkáybʰyas
genitive	*walkásya	*walkáyās	*walkā́na(H)m
locative	*walkáy	*walkáyaw	*walkáyšu

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *walkás
- Sanskrit: वल्क (valká)
Proto-Iranian: *warkáh
- Central Iranian:
  - Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬐𐬀 (var^əka)
- Northeastern Iranian:
  - Khotanese: (bāggara)
  - Sogdian: (/⁠warkar⁠/)
    Sogdian script: 𐼴𐽀𐼸𐽀 (wrkr)
    
    Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫡𐫐𐫡 (wrkr)
    
    Syriac script: ܘܪܩܪ (wrqr)
- Southeastern Iranian:
  - Shughni: па̄рк (pārk)
- Northwestern Iranian:
  - Baluchi: ورک (wark)
  - Kurdish:
    Northern Kurdish: bel (/⁠bal⁠/), pel (/⁠pal⁠/), belg (/⁠balg⁠/), pelg (/⁠palg⁠/)
    
    Southern Kurdish: وەڵگ (wellg /⁠wałg⁠/), وەڵنگ (wellnig /⁠wałing⁠/)
  - Medo-Parthian:
    - Caspian:
      - Gilaki: ولگ (vəlg)
      - Mazanderani: ولگ (valg)
    - Zaza-Gorani:
      - Gurani: وەڵگ (wellg /⁠wałg⁠/)
      - Zazaki: velg (/⁠valg⁠/)
    - Parthian: 𐫇𐫡𐫃𐫡 (wrgr /⁠wargar⁠/)
    - Semnani: ولگ (valg)
- Southwestern Iranian:
  - Book Pahlavi script: (wlg /⁠walg, warg⁠/)
    - Classical Persian: بلگ (balg)
      Persian: برگ (barg)
      
      Tajik: барг (barg)
      
      Hazaragi: بلک (balk)
    - Lurish:
      Northern Luri: بٱلٛگ (bałg)
    - Judeo-Tat: вэлг וַלְג (vəlg)

References

^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 548
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 525-6

[1] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 548

[2] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 525-6

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[2]