Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/jā́h

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰžʰā́s, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm (“earth”). Cognate with Sanskrit क्षम् (kṣám).

*jā́h ~ *jmáh f

1. earth

• *jamiHkah
  • Bactrian: ζαμιιο (zamiio /⁠zamī⁠/)
  • Baluchi: زمین (zamín), زمیگ (zamíg)
  • Kurdish:

    Northern Kurdish: zevî

    Central Kurdish: زەوی (zewî), زەوین (zewîn)

    Southern Kurdish: زەۊ (zeẅ)

  • Old Mazanderani: زمین (zamīn)
    • Mazanderani: زمین (zamīn)
  • Gilaki: زمین (zəmīn, zimīn)
  • Parthian: 𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫃 (zmyg), 𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫞 (zmyq /⁠zamīg⁠/)
    • → Middle Persian: (/⁠zamīg⁠/)

      Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫃 (zmyg), 𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫞 (zmyq)

      Book Pahlavi script: (zmyk')

      Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮆𐮋𐮈𐮉 (zmyk)

      Pazend script: 𐬰𐬀𐬨𐬍 (zamī)

      • Classical Persian: زمی (zamī)

        Iranian Persian: زمین (zamîn)

        Dari: زمین (zamîn)

        Tajik: замин (zamin)

        • → Yagnobi: замин (zamin)
  • Kermanic: زمین (zemīn) (Kermani), زوین (zvīn), وزین (vzīn) (Zoroastrian Dari)
  • Tafreshi:
    • Amorehi: زمین (zemīn)
    • Kahaki: زمین (zemīn)
    • Vafsi: زوین (zavīn)
  • Old Azari: زمی (zamī)
    • Harzani: زمی (zamī)
    • Karingani: زمی (zamī)
  • Talysh: (/⁠zamī⁠/)

    Arabic script: زمی

    Latin script: zəmı

  • Gurani: زەمین (zemîn /⁠zamīn⁠/)
  • Zazaki: zimê (/⁠zimē⁠/), zemîn (/⁠zamīn⁠/)
  • Middle Persian: (dmyk' /⁠damīg⁠/)
    • Classical Persian: دمیک (damīk)