Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/patikárah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From *pati- +‎ *Hákart (“to do, make”) +‎ *-ah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákart.^[1]

Noun

*patikárah m^[1]

Inflection

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*patikárah	*patikárā	*patikárā
vocative	*patikára	*patikárā	*patikárā
accusative	*patikáram	*patikárā	*patikárānh
instrumental	*patikárā	*patikáraybyaH	*patikárāyš
ablative	*patikárāt	*patikáraybyaH	*patikáraybyah
dative	*patikárāy	*patikáraybyaH	*patikáraybyah
genitive	*patikárahya	*patikárayāh	*patikárānam
locative	*patikáray	*patikárayaw	*patikárayšu

Descendants

Northeastern Iranian:
- Khwarezmian: (peckerek)
- Sogdian: (/⁠patkare⁠/) (←? Old Persian^[2])
  - Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫤𐫞𐫡𐫏 (ptqry), 𐫛𐫤𐫐𐫡𐫀𐫐 (ptkrʾk), 𐫛𐫤𐫐𐫀𐫡𐫀 (ptkʾrʾ), 𐫛𐫤𐫐𐫡𐫞 (ptkrq)
  - Sogdian: 𐼾𐽂𐼸𐽀𐼰𐼸 (ptkrʾk)
  - Old Sogdian script: 𐼔𐼚𐼋𐼘𐼀𐼋 (ptkrʾk), 𐼔𐼚𐼋𐼘𐼀𐼊 (ptkrʾy)
  - Syriac script: (ptqrʾy), (ptqry)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Parthian: (/⁠padkar⁠/)
  - Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫅𐫐𐫡 (pdkr)
  - Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭐𐭕𐭊𐭓 (ptkr)
  - 𐫛𐫅𐫐𐫡 (pdkr), 𐫛𐫅𐫞𐫡 (pdqr /⁠padkar⁠/), 𐭐𐭕𐭊𐭓 (ptkr /⁠padkar⁠/)
    - → Old Armenian: պատկեր (patker)
Southwestern Iranian:
- Old Persian: 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎣𐎼 (p-t-i-k-r /⁠patikara⁠/)
  - Middle Persian: (/⁠pahikar⁠/)
    - Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫍𐫏𐫐𐫡 (phykr)
    - Book Pahlavi script: (ptkl)
    - Inscriptional Pahlavi script: (ptkly)
    - → Classical Persian: پیکر (paykar)
  - → Aramaic:^[3]
    - Biblical Aramaic: פתכר (ptkr, “sculpture, sculpted image”)^[4]
    - Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: פתיכרי (ptkrʾ /⁠pṯaḵrā⁠/)
    - Classical Syriac: ܦܬܟܪܐ (pəṯaḵrā, “idol, image”)
      - → Arabic: فِتَكْر (fitakr, “misfortune, formidable thing”)
  - → Elamite:
    - Achaemenid Elamite: 𒁁𒋾𒆳𒌇 (bat-ti-kur-raš₂ /⁠Batikuraš⁠/), 𒁁𒋾𒋼𒀀𒊏𒌝 (bat-ti-kar-ra-um /⁠Batikaraum⁠/)^[3]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) “*kar-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 252
^ Gharib, B. (1995) “ptkrʾk”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 311
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Tavernier, Jan (2007) Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, pages 35, 79
^ Donner, Herbert, Röllig, Wolfgang (2002) “258”, in Kanaanäische und aramäische Inschriften, 5th edition (overall work in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 63

[ESIJa-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) “*kar-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 252

[2] Gharib, B. (1995) “ptkrʾk”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 311

[Tavernier-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Tavernier, Jan (2007) Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, pages 35, 79

[4] Donner, Herbert, Röllig, Wolfgang (2002) “258”, in Kanaanäische und aramäische Inschriften, 5th edition (overall work in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 63

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