Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/simo

This Proto-Japonic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

• Accent class: 2.2a

*simo

1. bottom

• Old Japanese: 下 (simo₁)
  • Japanese: 下 (shimo)
• Proto-Ryukyuan: *simo
  • Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Kikai: 下 (shimu)
    • Kunigami: 下 (shimū, “bottom; kitchen; vulva”)
    • ⇒ Northern Amami Ōshima: 下方 (Shimohō, administrative name given to three magiri)
    • Okinawan: 下 (shimu, “bottom; kitchen”)
    • Okinoerabu: 下 (shimu)
    • Tokunoshima: 下 (sïmu)
  • Southern Ryukyuan:
    • Miyako: 下 (sïmu)
    • Yaeyama: 下 (sïmu)
    • Yonaguni: 下 (chimu, “kitchen”)

*simo

1. frost

• Old Japanese: 霜 (simo)
  • Japanese: 霜 (shimo)
• Proto-Ryukyuan: *simo
  • Northern Ryukyuan: 失莫 (shimo) (Liúqiú guăn yìyŭ, 1469–1470)
    • Kikai: 霜 (shimu)
    • Kunigami: 霜 (shimū)
    • Northern Amami Ōshima: 霜 (shimo)
    • Okinawan: 霜 (shimu)
    • Okinoerabu: 霜 (shimu, shimū)
    • Southern Amami Ōshima: 霜 (shimu)
    • Tokunoshima: 霜 (shimu)
    • Yoron: 霜 (shimu)