Reconstruction:Proto-Kra/ɳokᴰ

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 This Proto-Kra entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Kra

Alternative reconstructions

Etymology

Cognate with Proto-Tai *C̬.nokᴰ (“bird”), Proto-Austronesian *manuk (“bird”).

Noun

*ɳokᴰ

  1. bird

Descendants

  • Lachi
    • Lachi (Tân Lợi): ʔa⁰ nɔ⁴⁵
    • Lachi (Jinchang): ȵi⁵⁵ ȵo³¹
  • Gelao
    • Telue
      • Gelao (Fengyan): la³³ ni³¹
      • Gelao (Yueliangwan): la³³ ni²¹
      • Gelao (Wantao): mə⁰ no³⁵
      • Gelao (Niupo): ma³³ no³⁵
      • Gelao (Judu): vu⁰ no³⁵
      • Gelao (Moji): mə³¹ no²⁴
    • Hakhi
      • Gelao (Zhenfeng): mo⁴² naŋ⁴²
      • Gelao (Sanchong): m̩⁵³ naŋ⁵³
    • Qau
      • Gelao (Dagouchang): ntuŋ²¹
      • Gelao (Wanzi): ntau³¹
    • A'ou
      • Gelao (Bigong): ma⁵⁵ nu³¹
      • Gelao (Hongfeng): ma⁴² lo¹³, ma⁴³ lo¹³
      • Mulao: zau⁵³
    • Vandu
      • Red Gelao (Vietnam): ma³⁵ la³¹ ɣai³¹
      • Red Gelao: ma¹³ la³¹ ɣai³¹
  • Qabiao: nuk⁴⁵, niuk⁴⁵
    • Qabiao (Phó Là): nuk²
  • Laha
    • Laha (Ta Mit): mə²⁴ nɯk⁴²
    • Laha (Noong Lay): nok²⁴
  • Buyang
    • Buyang (Langjia): ma⁰ nuk¹¹
    • Buyang (Yalang): ɔk³¹
    • Buyang (Ecun): ma⁰ ðe¹¹
    • En (Nung Ven): nok⁵³
    • Paha: nok¹¹

Notes

  1. ^ Miyake, Marc (2021). "Retroflexion or Disyllabism? A Kra Puzzle". In Kupchik, John; Alonso de la Fuente, José Andrés; Miyake, Marc Hideo; Vovin, Alexander (eds.). Studies in Asian historical linguistics, philology and beyond: festschrift presented to Alexander V. Vovin in honor of his 60th birthday. Brill. Leiden. pp. 115–136

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia