Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/kɔlni
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This Proto-Permic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Permic
Etymology
From Proto-Uralic *kelke-. Cognates include Proto-Samic *këlkëtēk.
Verb
*kɔlni (stem *kɔl-)
- (intransitive) to be necessary
Conjugation
| Conjugation of *kɔlni (stem: *kɔl-) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Note: The Proto-Permic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| Present | Future | Preterite | Perfect | |
| 1st singular | *kɔla | *kɔli | *kɔlämi | |
| 2nd singular | *kɔlad | *kɔlid | *kɔlämid | |
| 3rd singular | *kɔlä | *kɔlas | *kɔli | *kɔlämi |
| 1st plural | *kɔlami | *kɔlimi | *kɔlämmi | |
| 2nd plural | *kɔladi | *kɔlidi | *kɔlämdi | |
| 3rd plural | *kɔla | *kɔlazi | *kɔli | *kɔlämi |
| Imperative | Connegative | |||
| Singular | *kɔl | Infinitive | *kɔlni | |
| Plural | *kɔlä | Gerund | *kɔlman | |
| Present participle | Imperfect participle | Perfect participle | Caritive participle | |
| *kɔliś | *kɔlan | *kɔläm | *kɔltäm | |
Descendants
- Komi:
- Udmurt: кулэ (kule) (3rd person singular)
References
- Lytkin, V. I., Gulyaev, E. S., editors (1970), “ковны”, in Краткий этимологический словарь коми языка [Brief Etymological Dictionary of the Komi Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka