Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/śamš-
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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Semitic
Etymology
Compare Central Atlas Tamazight ⵓⵙⵎ (usm, “lightning”).
Noun
*śamš- m or f
Inflection
Declension of *śamš-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *śamšum | *śamšāna | plural stem + *-ūna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *śamšim | *śamšayna | plural stem + *-īna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *śamšam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *śamšī / *śamšVya | — | *śamšVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *śamšVka | *śamšVkumā / *śamšVkumay | *śamšVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *śamšVki | *śamšVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *śamšVšu | *śamšVšumā / *śamšVšumay | *śamšVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *śamšVša | *śamšVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *śamšuya for nom. case, *śamšiya for gen. case, *śamšaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *śamš-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *śamš-
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Declension of *śamš-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *śamšum | *śamšāna | *śamšātum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *śamšim | *śamšayna | *śamšātim | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *śamšam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *śamšī / *śamšVya | — | *śamšVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *śamšVka | *śamšVkumā / *śamšVkumay | *śamšVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *śamšVki | *śamšVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *śamšVšu | *śamšVšumā / *śamšVšumay | *śamšVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *śamšVša | *śamšVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *śamšuya for nom. case, *śamšiya for gen. case, *śamšaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *śamš-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *śamš-
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