Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ḥargil-
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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Semitic
Alternative reconstructions
Noun
*ḥargil- m
Inflection
Declension of *ḥargil-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ḥargilum | *ḥargilāna | plural stem + *-ūna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *ḥargilim | *ḥargilayna | plural stem + *-īna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *ḥargilam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *ḥargilī / *ḥargilVya | — | *ḥargilVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *ḥargilVka | *ḥargilVkumā / *ḥargilVkumay | *ḥargilVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *ḥargilVki | *ḥargilVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *ḥargilVšu | *ḥargilVšumā / *ḥargilVšumay | *ḥargilVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *ḥargilVša | *ḥargilVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ḥargiluya for nom. case, *ḥargiliya for gen. case, *ḥargilaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *ḥargil-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *ḥargil-
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Descendants
- East Semitic:
- West Semitic:
- Central Semitic
- Arabic: حَرْجَل (ḥarjal)
- Northwest Semitic:
- Aramaic:
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܚܲܪܓܘܼܠ (ḥargul)
- Classical Syriac: ܚܪܓܠܐ (ḥargālā, ḥargəlā)
- → Old Armenian: խարագուլ (xaragul)
- Jewish Literary Aramaic: חַרְגְּלָא (ḥargəlā) (Hebraizing variant in the same locus חַרְגֹּלָא (ḥargōlā))
- Canaanite:
- Hebrew: חַרְגּוֹל (khargól, ḥargôl)
- Aramaic:
- Old South Arabian:
- Sabaean: 𐩲𐩧𐩴𐩡 (ʿrgl)
- Central Semitic
References
- Nöldeke, Theodor (1904) Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 89
- Militarev, Alexander, Kogan, Leonid (2000) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, volumes I: Anatomy of Man and Animals, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 142–143, Nr. 103
- Sima, Alexander (2000) Tiere, Pflanzen, Steine und Metalle in den altsüdarabischen Inschriften (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, pages 31–33