Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/s-hjwəj-t

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This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Etymology

  • Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *shwiʔ (Coblin, 1986)
    • Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *s-hywəy-t (Matisoff, STEDT); *s-hwiy (Benedict, 1972); *(s-)h(y)wəy  (French, 1983); *s-hwiy(*B) (Coblin, 1986)

This word now means "marrow" in some Tibeto-Burman languages. Chinese (suǐ) (suǐ < OC *s-lojʔ, "marrow") has also been (possibly incorrectly) assigned as a reflex of this root.

Noun

*s-hjwəj-t

  1. blood

Descendants

  • Old Chinese: (*qʰʷiːg (ZS), *m̥ˁik (B-S), blood)
    • Middle Chinese: /hwet/
      • Modern Mandarin
        • Beijing: ("blood") (literary: xuè, /ɕɥɛ⁵¹/; colloquial: xiě, /ɕjɛ²¹³/)
  • Himalayish
    • Tibeto-Kanauri
      • Bodic
        • Tibetan
          • Written Tibetan: ཡི་དམ (yi dam, vow, oath, promise), ཡིད (yid, soul, mind)
      • Lepcha: ᰟᰧ (vi, blood)
    • Newar
      • Newar (Dolakhali): हि (hi, blood)
      • Newar (Kathmandu): हि (hi, blood)
    • Mahakiranti
      • Kiranti
        • Eastern Kiranti = Rai
        • Western Kiranti
          • Khaling: हि (hi, blood)
          • Dumi: ही (hi, blood)
  • Tangut-Qiang
    • Northern Tangut
      • Tangut: 𗊴 (*sjij¹, blood)
  • Lolo-Burmese-Naxi
    • Proto-Lolo-Burmese: *swəj² (blood)
      • Burmish
        • Burmese: သွေး (swe:, blood, disposition, spirit)
      • Proto-Loloish: *swe² (blood) (Bradley, 1979; Weidert, 1987)
        • Northern Loloish
          • Yi (Liangshan): (sy, blood)
        • Central Loloish
  • Proto-Karen: *swiᴮ (Luangthongkum, 2013)

See also