Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čerti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic , from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-. Cognate with Lithuanian skìrti, Latvian šķirt, Old Norse skera.

Verb

*čerti^[1]^[2]

to cut, separate
1. → to peel the bark off trees

Inflection

Conjugation of *čerti, *čer, *čьretь (impf., tr., -C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*čьrtьje	*čerti	*čertъ	*čьrlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*čьrtъ	*čьromъ
Active	*čьrъ	*čьry

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*čerxъ	*čer	*čer	*čьrǫ	*čьreši	*čьretь
Dual	*čerxově	*čersta	*čerste	*čьrevě	*čьreta	*čьrete
Plural	*čerxomъ	*čerste	*čeršę	*čьremъ	*čьrete	*čьrǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*čьrěaxъ	*čьrěaše	*čьrěaše	—	*čьri	*čьri
Dual	*čьrěaxově	*čьrěašeta	*čьrěašete	*čьrěvě	*čьrěta	—
Plural	*čьrěaxomъ	*čьrěašete	*čьrěaxǫ	*čьrěmъ	*čьrěte	—

(*)*čьrenъ is doublet of past passive participle

Derived terms

nouns

*čertъ m (“reed; swampy forest”)
*o(b)čertъ m (“reed; swampy forest”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- ⇒ Belarusian: отчерці (ótčjerci), отчерци (ótčjerci) (dialectal)
- Ukrainian: че́рсти (čérsty), черти (čerty) (dialectal); чери́ти (čerýty) (dialectal, via *čeriti)
South Slavic:
- ⇒ Slovene: čę̑r
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: čřieti
  - Czech: čříti (dated)
- ⇒ Old Polish: czyrślić, czyrchlić
- Slovak: črieť
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: čerić (via *čeriti)
  - Upper Sorbian: ceriś (via *čeriti)

References

^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “čeriti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 66
^ Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1976), “čerti”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 2 (caca – davьnota), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 166

[1] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “čeriti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 66

[2] Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1976), “čerti”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 2 (caca – davьnota), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 166

[1]

[2]