Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/řuma
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative reconstructions
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *rjauˀmāˀ f, *rjauˀmas m, *rūˀm-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rewH-meh₂ f, *h₃rewH-mos m, *h₃ruH-m-, from *h₃rewH- (“to roar”). Cognate with Latin rūmor (“rumor”) (from Proto-Italic *roumōs).
By surface analysis, *řuti (“to roar”) + *-ma. The extension ‑з‑ (‑с‑) in East Slavic languages characterizes the intensity of the action.
Noun
*řuma f
Declension
Declension of *řuma (hard a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *řuma | *řumě | *řumy |
| genitive | *řumy | *řumu | *řumъ |
| dative | *řumě | *řumama | *řumamъ |
| accusative | *řumǫ | *řumě | *řumy |
| instrumental | *řumojǫ, *řumǫ** | *řumama | *řumami |
| locative | *řumě | *řumu | *řumasъ, *řumaxъ* |
| vocative | *řumo | *řumě | *řumy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
Descendants
With archaic *-y- vocalism:
- East Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Tsykhun, G. A., editor (2006), “ры́маць”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 11 (раб – сая́н), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN
- Tsykhun, G. A., editor (2006), “рум₁”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 11 (раб – сая́н), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN
- Tsykhun, G. A., editor (2006), “ру́мза”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 11 (раб – сая́н), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN
- Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1990), “лю́ма”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 6 (лі́ра – мая́чыць), Minsk: Navuka i technika
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “рум¹”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 139
- Vasmer, Max (1972) “рю́ма”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 3 (Муза – Сят), Moscow: Progress, page 533
- Vasmer, Max (1972) “ры́мза”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 3 (Муза – Сят), Moscow: Progress, page 528