Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žuti

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 This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Earlier root-stem form of Proto-Slavic *žьvati (“to chew”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁-. Akin to Proto-Germanic *kewwaną (“to chew”), Tocharian B śuwaṃ (“to eat”).

Verb

*žuti pf or impf[1]

  1. to chew, to gnaw, to masticate

Inflection

Conjugation of *žuti, *žu, *žьvetь (perf., -V/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*žutьje *žuti *žutъ *žulъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *žutъ —
Active *žuvъ —
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žuxъ *žu *žu *žьvǫ *žьveši *žьvetь
Dual *žuxově *žusta *žuste *žьvevě *žьveta *žьvete
Plural *žuxomъ *žuste *žušę *žьvemъ *žьvete *žьvǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular — — — — *žьvi *žьvi
Dual — — — *žьvěvě *žьvěta —
Plural — — — *žьvěmъ *žьvěte —
    Notes:
  • In perfective verbs, present expresses future

Within some daughter languages (partially blended with *žьvati):

Conjugation of *žuti, *žu, *žujetь (impf., -V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*žutьje *žuti *žutъ *žulъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *žutъ *žujemъ
Active *žuvъ *žuję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žuxъ *žu *žu *žujǫ *žuješi *žujetь
Dual *žuxově *žusta *žuste *žujevě *žujeta *žujete
Plural *žuxomъ *žuste *žušę *žujemъ *žujete *žujǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žujaaxъ *žujaaše *žujaaše — *žuji *žuji
Dual *žujaaxově *žujaašeta *žujaašete *žujivě *žujita —
Plural *žujaaxomъ *žujaašete *žujaaxǫ *žujimъ *žujite —

Derived terms

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old Ukrainian: жути (žuti)
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: жва pf (žva), жву́я impf (žvúja) (obsolescent, dialectal)
    • Macedonian: жве (žve) (obsolete)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading

References

  1. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “žuti: ? / ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 204, 207, 238; PR 139)”
  2. ^ František Št. Kott (1887) “žuti”, in Česko-německý slovník zvláště grammaticko-fraseologický (in Czech), Prague: František Šimáček, page 879
  3. ^ František Št. Kott (1887) “2. žíti”, in Česko-německý slovník zvláště grammaticko-fraseologický (in Czech), Prague: František Šimáček, page 838
  4. ^ Muka, Arnošt (1928) “žuś”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), volume 2, Prague: ČAVU, page 1162; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
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