Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/berzъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bérˀźas, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerHǵós.
Noun
*bèrzъ m
Inflection
Declension of *berzъ (hard o-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *berzъ | *berza | *berzi |
| genitive | *berza | *berzu | *berzъ |
| dative | *berzu | *berzoma | *berzomъ |
| accusative | *berzъ | *berza | *berzy |
| instrumental | *berzъmь, *berzomь* | *berzoma | *berzy |
| locative | *berzě | *berzu | *berzěxъ |
| vocative | *berze | *berza | *berzi |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
See also
- *bèrza f
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Ukrainian: бéрез (bérez) (dialectal)
- South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: brèz (tonal orthography)
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1974), “*berzъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 1 (*a – *besědьlivъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 207
- Anikin, A. E. (2009) “берёза I”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), numbers 3 (бе – болдыхать), Moscow: Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus, →ISBN, page 114
Adjective
*berzъ
- striped, white with black
- (relational) birch
Inflection
Indefinite declension of *berzъ (hard, accent paradigm c)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *berzъ | *berza | *berzo |
| genitive | *berza | *berzy | *berza |
| dative | *berzu | *berzě | *berzu |
| accusative | *berzъ | *berzǫ | *berzo |
| instrumental | *berzomь | *berzojǫ | *berzomь |
| locative | *berzě | *berzě | *berzě |
| vocative | *berze | *berzo | *berzo |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *berza | *berzě | *berzě |
| genitive | *berzu | *berzu | *berzu |
| dative | *berzoma | *berzama | *berzoma |
| accusative | *berza | *berzě | *berzě |
| instrumental | *berzoma | *berzama | *berzoma |
| locative | *berzu | *berzu | *berzu |
| vocative | *berza | *berzě | *berzě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *berzi | *berzy | *berza |
| genitive | *berzъ | *berzъ | *berzъ |
| dative | *berzomъ | *berzamъ | *berzomъ |
| accusative | *berzy | *berzy | *berza |
| instrumental | *berzy | *berzami | *berzy |
| locative | *berzěxъ | *berzaxъ | *berzěxъ |
| vocative | *berzi | *berzy | *berza |
Definite declension of *berzъ (hard, accent paradigm c)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *berzъjь | *berzaja | *berzoje |
| genitive | *berzajego | *berzyję̇ | *berzajego |
| dative | *berzujemu | *berzěji | *berzujemu |
| accusative | *berzъjь | *berzǫjǫ | *berzoje |
| instrumental | *berzyjimь | *berzǫjǫ | *berzyjimь |
| locative | *berzějemь | *berzěji | *berzějemь |
| vocative | *berzъjь | *berzaja | *berzoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *berzaja | *berzěji | *berzěji |
| genitive | *berzuju | *berzuju | *berzuju |
| dative | *berzyjima | *berzyjima | *berzyjima |
| accusative | *berzaja | *berzěji | *berzěji |
| instrumental | *berzyjima | *berzyjima | *berzyjima |
| locative | *berzuju | *berzuju | *berzuju |
| vocative | *berzaja | *berzěji | *berzěji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *berziji | *berzyję̇ | *berzaja |
| genitive | *berzъjixъ | *berzъjixъ | *berzъjixъ |
| dative | *berzyjimъ | *berzyjimъ | *berzyjimъ |
| accusative | *berzyję̇ | *berzyję̇ | *berzaja |
| instrumental | *berzyjimi | *berzyjimi | *berzyjimi |
| locative | *berzyjixъ | *berzyjixъ | *berzyjixъ |
| vocative | *berziji | *berzyję̇ | *berzaja |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
Further reading
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “бере́за²”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 171
- Stryzhak, O. S., editor (1985), “Бєрєзыи”, in Етимологічний словник літописних географічних назв Південної Русі [Etymological Dictionary of Chronicle Geographical Names of Southern Rus'] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 19
- Anikin, A. E. (2009) “Березыи”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), numbers 3 (бе – болдыхать), Moscow: Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus, →ISBN, page 119