Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/brъkati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Of unclear origin, possibly polygenetic. Proposed etymologies:
- From Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewk-, based on the alternation between *brъkati (0-grade), *brykati (enlonged grade), *brukati (o-grade). Cognate with Lithuanian brùkti, braũkti (“to shove, to thrush”) and Latvian bràukt (“to ride”) (originally: to stroke).
- Per Derksen, Doublet of *brъsati, *brysati (“to sweep, to smack”) from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewḱ-.
- Of onomatopoeic origin + *-kati, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrew- (“to brew, to disrupt”). Akin to *brujati (“to rustle”).
Compare also Proto-Slavic *bъrkati (“to trim, to croр (feathers); to poke; to wrinkle”).
Verb
- to shove, to thrush
- to stroke with a tool → to whisk, to stir, to mingle
- (figurative) to blunder
- (reflexive) (+ *sę) to interfere
Alternative forms
- *brykati (in East Slavic, Polish)
Conjugation
Conjugation of *brъkati, *brъka, *brъkajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *brъkanьje | *brъkati | *brъkatъ | *brъkalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *brъkanъ | *brъkajemъ |
| Active | *brъkavъ | *brъkaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *brъkaxъ | *brъka | *brъka | *brъkajǫ | *brъkaješi | *brъkajetь |
| Dual | *brъkaxově | *brъkasta | *brъkaste | *brъkajevě | *brъkajeta | *brъkajete |
| Plural | *brъkaxomъ | *brъkaste | *brъkašę | *brъkajemъ | *brъkajete | *brъkajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *brъkaaxъ | *brъkaaše | *brъkaaše | — | *brъkaji | *brъkaji |
| Dual | *brъkaaxově | *brъkaašeta | *brъkaašete | *brъkajivě | *brъkajita | — |
| Plural | *brъkaaxomъ | *brъkaašete | *brъkaaxǫ | *brъkajimъ | *brъkajite | — |
Derived terms
- *brъkačь (“stirrer (agent)”)
- *brъkadlo (“stirrer (tool), whisk”)
- *brъkanica (“stirring”)
- *brъkočь (“mess, hotchpotch”)
- *obrъkati, *sъbrъkati (“to make an error”)
- *orzbrъkati (“to stir, to blend”)
- *pobrъkati (“to drive (s.o.) mad”)
- *zabrъkati, *nabrъkati (“to stir up”)
Related terms
- *brъsati (“to wipe, to smack”)
- *brysati (“to sweep”)
- *brъskati (“to smack, to beat”)
- *brukati (“to strike down; to despise”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*brъkati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 53
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “брока́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “бъркам”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 102
- Snoj, Marko (2016) “brkati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*brъsati, *brъkati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 65