Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/da

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Probably instrumental case of *do (“to, up to, until”), from Proto-Indo-European *doh₁ (“thus, like so”). Similar to Proto-Slavic *ta (“and so, thereby”) from Proto-Slavic *to (“so”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δή (dḗ, “even, indeed”),^[1] Proto-Germanic *tō, English too.

Technically, could only reflect the collective case of Proto-Indo-European *dʰe (“locative particle”), similar to Proto-Slavic *ba, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰe (“instrumental particle”).

*da^[2]

1. yes, yeah (a term used to indicate general agreement)

   Synonym: *ba

   Antonym: *ne

*da^[3]

1. in order to

• *da že (“even”)

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: да (da)
    • Old Ruthenian: да (da)
      • Belarusian: ды (dy)
      • Ukrainian: да (da)
    • Russian: да (da) (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Novgorodian: да (da)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: да (da)

    Glagolitic script: ⰴⰰ (da)

  • Bulgarian: да (da)
  • Macedonian: да (da)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: да, да̏

    Latin script: da, dȁ

  • Slovene: dȁ
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: da
    • Czech: da (dialectal)
  • Old Polish: da
    • Polish: da (dialectal)
  • Slovak: da
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: da

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Romanian: da

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*da”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 180
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “да”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 310