Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dęsna
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *déntsnāˀ, from *dantís, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts.
Noun
Declension
Declension of *dę̄snà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *dę̄snà | *dę̃sně | *dę̄snỳ |
| genitive | *dę̄snỳ | *dę̄snù | *dę̃snъ |
| dative | *dę̄sně̀ | *dę̄snàma | *dę̄snàmъ |
| accusative | *dę̄snǫ̀ | *dę̃sně | *dę̄snỳ |
| instrumental | *dę̄snòjǫ, *dę̃snǫ** | *dę̄snàma | *dę̄snàmī |
| locative | *dę̄sně̀ | *dę̄snù | *dę̄snàsъ, *dę̄snàxъ* |
| vocative | *dęsno | *dę̃sně | *dę̄snỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “десна́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
- ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “dęsno / dęslo, dęsna”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 26
- ^ Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1979), “dęsna”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 3 (davьnъ – dobirati sę), Wrocław: Ossolineum, →ISBN, page 98
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dę̄snò; *dę̄snà; *dę̄slò”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 113: “n. o; f. ā; n. o (b) ‘gum’”
- ^ Sayenko, Mikhail N. (2024) “Праславянское название десны: сложности реконструкции [The Proto-Slavic Name for the Gingiva: Difficulties of Reconstruction]”, in Славянский мир в третьем тысячелетии (in Russian), volume 19, numbers 1–2, Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, , page 105‒131