Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gňiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰneyH- (given as *ǵʰn(e)iH- in Derksen, but the palatal *ǵ is likely a typo). Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek χνίει (khníei, “(it) drizzles, (it) crumbles”) (Hesychius), Proto-Germanic *gnīdaną.

*gňìti impf^[1][2][3]

1. to rot

• *gniti

• *gňilъ (“rotten”)
• *gnȏjь (“pus, manure”)

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: гнити (gniti) (11th century)
    • Belarusian: гніць (hnicʹ)
    • Russian: гнить (gnitʹ)
    • Ukrainian: гни́ти (hnýty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: гниѭщии (gnijǫštii, “suppurating”, dat. fem. sg. pres. act. part.)

    Glagolitic: ⰃⰐⰋⰩⰛⰋⰋ (GNIJǫŠtII)

  • Bulgarian: гни́я (gníja)
  • Macedonian: гние (gnie)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: гњи̏ти

    Latin script: gnjȉti

  • Slovene: gníti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: hníti
    • Czech: hnít
  • Old Polish: gnić
    • Polish: gnić
    • Silesian: gnić
  • Polabian: *gnait; ⇒ gnålĕ
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: gnic
    • Slovincian: gnjic
  • Slovak: hniť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: hnić
    • Lower Sorbian: gniś

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “гнить”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 195
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*gniti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 176
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гнить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress