Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gǫsti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gaustei, from Proto-Indo-European *gowh₂-dʰh₁-y-óti, denominative form of *gewH- (“to call, invoke, cry”).

Verb

*gǫsti impf^[1]

to make a sound, hum, sing
to weep, wail, howl
to play an instrument

Conjugation

Conjugation of *gǫsti, *gǫde, *gǫdetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*gǫdenьje	*gǫsti	*gǫstъ	*gǫdlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*gǫdenъ	*gǫdomъ
Active	*gǫdъ	*gǫdy

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gǫd(ox)ъ	*gǫde	*gǫde	*gǫdǫ	*gǫdeši	*gǫdetь
Dual	*gǫd(ox)ově	*gǫd(e/os)ta	*gǫd(e/os)te	*gǫdevě	*gǫdeta	*gǫdete
Plural	*gǫd(ox)omъ	*gǫd(e/os)te	gǫdǫ, gǫdošę	*gǫdemъ	*gǫdete	*gǫdǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gǫděaxъ	*gǫděaše	*gǫděaše	—	*gǫdi	*gǫdi
Dual	*gǫděaxově	*gǫděašeta	*gǫděašete	*gǫděvě	*gǫděta	—
Plural	*gǫděaxomъ	*gǫděašete	*gǫděaxǫ	*gǫděmъ	*gǫděte	—

Related terms

*gǫsli

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Russian: густь (gustʹ) (dialectal), густи́ (gustí) (dialectal)
- Ukrainian: густи́ (hustý) (dialectal)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: гѫсти (gǫsti)
  
  Glagolitic: ⰳⱘⱄⱅⰹ (gǫsti)
- Serbo-Croatian: gústi (archaic)
- Slovene: gọ́sti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hústi
  - Czech: houst (archaic)
- Old Polish: gąść
- Slovak: húsť

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gǫsti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 183: “v. ‘play an instrument’”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gǫsti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 183: “v. ‘play an instrument’”

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