Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jama
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
If related to Ancient Greek ἄμη (ámē, “shovel, water bucket”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *yā̆m- (“to dig”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Noun
*jàma f
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *jàma | *jàmě | *jàmy |
| genitive | *jàmy | *jàmu | *jàmъ |
| dative | *jàmě | *jàmama | *jàmamъ |
| accusative | *jàmǫ | *jàmě | *jàmy |
| instrumental | *jàmojǫ, *jàmǭ** | *jàmama | *jàmamī |
| locative | *jàmě | *jàmu | *jàmasъ, *jàmaxъ* |
| vocative | *jàmo | *jàmě | *jàmy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “502”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 502
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “я́ма”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*àma”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 28: “f. ā (a) ‘pit, hole’”