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Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jistъ. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jistъ, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
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Proto-Slavic
Alternative reconstructions
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ī́ˀstas, cognate with Latvian ĩsts (“true”) (whence also ĩstens, ĩstans), as well as Latin Istaevōnēs (name of an ancient Germanic tribe). Further origin uncertain:
- Vasmer relates Latvian īksts, Lithuanian áiškus (“clear”) (also attested as ýškus, éiškus, ýskus, ìščias), Old Armenian իսկ (isk, “in reality”), which are in turn related to Proto-Slavic *ěsnъ (“clear”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ey- (“to prompt, to gauge”) whence (amongst others) Ancient Greek αἰτῐ́ᾱ (aitíā, “cause, reason”).
- Stang proposes a connection to Sanskrit ईशे (ī́śe, “I am in possession”), ईशान m (īśāná, “lord, wealthy”), Proto-Germanic *aiganaz (“own”) (Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐌲𐌹𐌽 n (aigin, “property”), 𐌰𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽 (aigan, “to own, to have”), Old High German eigan (“own”), English own). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyḱ- (“to possess”).
- Toporov, Trubačev consider primary meaning "same", perhaps cognate with Latin iste (“that (of yours)”), from Proto-Indo-European *ís (referential particle) + *tó (“the, that”)
- Meillet, Snoj suggest derivation from pre-Slavic *ēisth₂os < *h₁ēi (augment, loc. case) + *-stъ.
Adjective
*jìstъ
- true, genuine, real, authentic
- same, identical
Declension
Indefinite declension of *jistъ (hard)
Definite declension of *jistъ (hard)
Synonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: истъ (istŭ)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*jьstъjь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 246
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*jь̀stъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 215: “adj. o (a) ‘true, genuine’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “istъ ista isto”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 144, 146; PR 133)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “isti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *ji̋stъ”
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “и́стый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “исти”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 90