Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kava
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kā́ˀwāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂w- (“to cry out, to call, to howl”). By surface analysis, **kavъ (“sound of jackdaw”) + *-a. Generally displaced by *kàvъka, a diminutive form.
Noun
*kàva f (diminutive *kàvъka)[1][2][3]
Declension
Declension of *kàva (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kàva | *kàvě | *kàvy |
| genitive | *kàvy | *kàvu | *kàvъ |
| dative | *kàvě | *kàvama | *kàvamъ |
| accusative | *kàvǫ | *kàvě | *kàvy |
| instrumental | *kàvojǫ, *kàvǭ** | *kàvama | *kàvamī |
| locative | *kàvě | *kàvu | *kàvasъ, *kàvaxъ* |
| vocative | *kàvo | *kàvě | *kàvy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- ^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “kawka”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 225
- ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “KAWA 2”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), volume 646
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “kȃvka”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kava”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 165