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Melnichuk prefers to derive this word from Proto-Indo-European*kes-(“to cut”) with semantic development ‘stabbed corpse’ > ‘dead body’ > ‘remnants’ > ‘bones’.[1]
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kȏstь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 239: “f. i (c) ‘bone’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “kostь kosti”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “f. b (IRU 89, 94); c (SA 139, 199; PR 138)”
Further reading
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кость”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress