Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/o(b)sada
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *o(b)- + *sadъ (“seat, setting”) + *-а, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”). Akin to Latin obsideō (“to besiege; to inhabit”).
Noun
*o(b)sada f
- settlement, administrative unit (West Slavic)
- siege (South and East Slavic)
- Synonym: *obloga
Declension
Declension of *o(b)sada (hard a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *o(b)sada | *o(b)sadě | *o(b)sady |
| genitive | *o(b)sady | *o(b)sadu | *o(b)sadъ |
| dative | *o(b)sadě | *o(b)sadama | *o(b)sadamъ |
| accusative | *o(b)sadǫ | *o(b)sadě | *o(b)sady |
| instrumental | *o(b)sadojǫ, *o(b)sadǫ** | *o(b)sadama | *o(b)sadami |
| locative | *o(b)sadě | *o(b)sadu | *o(b)sadasъ, *o(b)sadaxъ* |
| vocative | *o(b)sado | *o(b)sadě | *o(b)sady |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
Derived terms
- *o(b)saditi (“to siege, to surround”)
- *o(b)sadьnъ (“sieged, surrounded”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “осада”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (2002), “*obsada/*obsadъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 29 (*obpovědati – *obsojьnica), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 145
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “обсаждам, обсадя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 757