From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pírˀwas, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂wós or Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₃wós.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian pìrmas (“first; primary”), Latvian pìrmaĩs, Old Prussian pirmas (“first”).
Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit पूर्व (pū́rva, “foremost, first, previous”), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬬𐬀- (paurva-), 𐬞𐬀𐬊𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬫𐬀- (paouruya-), 𐬞𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬭𐬫𐬀 (paoirya, “first”), Old Persian (/paruva-/), Albanian parë (“first”), Tocharian A pärwat, Tocharian B pärweṣṣe (“first”), Old English forwost (“first, (ring)leader”).
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Cardinal: *edinъ Ordinal: *pьrvъ Adverbial: *edino šьdy, *edьnojьťi Multiplier: *edinakъ Collective: *edьnojь |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *pьrvъ | *pьrva | *pьrvo |
genitive | *pьrva | *pьrvy | *pьrva |
dative | *pьrvu | *pьrvě | *pьrvu |
accusative | *pьrvъ | *pьrvǫ | *pьrvo |
instrumental | *pьrvomь | *pьrvojǫ | *pьrvomь |
locative | *pьrvě | *pьrvě | *pьrvě |
vocative | *pьrve | *pьrvo | *pьrvo |
dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | *pьrva | *pьrvě | *pьrvě |
genitive | *pьrvu | *pьrvu | *pьrvu |
dative | *pьrvoma | *pьrvama | *pьrvoma |
accusative | *pьrva | *pьrvě | *pьrvě |
instrumental | *pьrvoma | *pьrvama | *pьrvoma |
locative | *pьrvu | *pьrvu | *pьrvu |
vocative | *pьrva | *pьrvě | *pьrvě |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | *pьrvi | *pьrvy | *pьrva |
genitive | *pьrvъ | *pьrvъ | *pьrvъ |
dative | *pьrvomъ | *pьrvamъ | *pьrvomъ |
accusative | *pьrvy | *pьrvy | *pьrva |
instrumental | *pьrvy | *pьrvami | *pьrvy |
locative | *pьrvěxъ | *pьrvaxъ | *pьrvěxъ |
vocative | *pьrvi | *pьrvy | *pьrva |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *pьrvъjь | *pьrvaja | *pьrvoje |
genitive | *pьrvajego | *pьrvyję̇ | *pьrvajego |
dative | *pьrvujemu | *pьrvěji | *pьrvujemu |
accusative | *pьrvъjь | *pьrvǫjǫ | *pьrvoje |
instrumental | *pьrvyjimь | *pьrvǫjǫ | *pьrvyjimь |
locative | *pьrvějemь | *pьrvěji | *pьrvějemь |
vocative | *pьrvъjь | *pьrvaja | *pьrvoje |
dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | *pьrvaja | *pьrvěji | *pьrvěji |
genitive | *pьrvuju | *pьrvuju | *pьrvuju |
dative | *pьrvyjima | *pьrvyjima | *pьrvyjima |
accusative | *pьrvaja | *pьrvěji | *pьrvěji |
instrumental | *pьrvyjima | *pьrvyjima | *pьrvyjima |
locative | *pьrvuju | *pьrvuju | *pьrvuju |
vocative | *pьrvaja | *pьrvěji | *pьrvěji |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | *pьrviji | *pьrvyję̇ | *pьrvaja |
genitive | *pьrvъjixъ | *pьrvъjixъ | *pьrvъjixъ |
dative | *pьrvyjimъ | *pьrvyjimъ | *pьrvyjimъ |
accusative | *pьrvyję̇ | *pьrvyję̇ | *pьrvaja |
instrumental | *pьrvyjimi | *pьrvyjimi | *pьrvyjimi |
locative | *pьrvyjixъ | *pьrvyjixъ | *pьrvyjixъ |
vocative | *pьrviji | *pьrvyję̇ | *pьrvaja |