Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pьrvъ

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Proto-Slavic numbers (edit)
10
1 2  →  10  → 
    Cardinal: *edinъ
    Ordinal: *pьrvъ
    Adverbial: *edino šьdy, *edьnojьťi
    Multiplier: *edinakъ
    Collective: *edьnojь

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pírˀwas, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂wós.

Baltic cognates include Lithuanian pi̇̀rmas (first; primary), Latvian pìrmaĩs, Old Prussian pirmas (first).

Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit पूर्व (pū́rva, foremost, first, previous), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬬𐬀 (paurva), 𐬞𐬀𐬊𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬫𐬀 (paouruya), 𐬞𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬭𐬫𐬀 (paoirya, first), Old Persian (/⁠paruva-⁠/), Albanian parë (first), Tocharian A pärwat, Tocharian B parwe, Old English forwost (first, (ring)leader).

Adjective

*pь̀rvъ

  1. first

Declension

Indefinite declension of *pьrvъ (hard)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *pьrvъ *pьrva *pьrvo
genitive *pьrva *pьrvy *pьrva
dative *pьrvu *pьrvě *pьrvu
accusative *pьrvъ *pьrvǫ *pьrvo
instrumental *pьrvomь *pьrvojǫ *pьrvomь
locative *pьrvě *pьrvě *pьrvě
vocative *pьrve *pьrvo *pьrvo
dual masculine feminine neuter
nominative *pьrva *pьrvě *pьrvě
genitive *pьrvu *pьrvu *pьrvu
dative *pьrvoma *pьrvama *pьrvoma
accusative *pьrva *pьrvě *pьrvě
instrumental *pьrvoma *pьrvama *pьrvoma
locative *pьrvu *pьrvu *pьrvu
vocative *pьrva *pьrvě *pьrvě
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *pьrvi *pьrvy *pьrva
genitive *pьrvъ *pьrvъ *pьrvъ
dative *pьrvomъ *pьrvamъ *pьrvomъ
accusative *pьrvy *pьrvy *pьrva
instrumental *pьrvy *pьrvami *pьrvy
locative *pьrvěxъ *pьrvaxъ *pьrvěxъ
vocative *pьrvi *pьrvy *pьrva

Derived terms

adverb

Descendants

Further reading

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pьrvъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 430:num. o ‘first’
  2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “pьrvъ pьrva pьrvo”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander:c (NA 138); a (PR 133) first
  3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “pȓvi”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si:Pslovan. *pь̋rvъ, *pь̋rvъjь
  4. ^ Illich-Svitych, V. M. (1963—2012) “Чешское první «первый» — инновация или архаизм?”, in Этимология 1963, Moscow, pages 81–84