Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/skala
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Substantivized collective noun from *skàliti (“to chop”) + *-а. Perhaps, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *skalā́ˀ, from a long o-grade of Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to cut, to chop”), akin to Lithuanian skalà (“chip, sliver”), Proto-Germanic *skalō (“lump, ball”).
Noun
Alternative forms
- *skaľa (yā-stem)
Declension
Declension of *skala (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *skala | *skàlě | *skàly |
| genitive | *skàly | *skàlu | *skàlъ |
| dative | *skàlě | *skàlama | *skàlamъ |
| accusative | *skàlǫ | *skàlě | *skàly |
| instrumental | *skàlojǫ, *skàlǭ** | *skàlama | *skàlamī |
| locative | *skàlě | *skàlu | *skàlasъ, *skàlaxъ* |
| vocative | *skàlo | *skàlě | *skàly |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *skalica, *skalъka (diminutive)
- *skalařь, *skalakъ (“stone worker/miner”)
- *skalistъ (“rocky”)
- *skalьnъ (“stony, made of rock”)
Related terms
- *skaliti (“to chop”)
- *skolьka (“shell; mussel”)
- *ščelь (“crack, fissure”)
- *ščelina (“cleft, aperture”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “скала”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “скала”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 718
- скала in Горох.ua
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Snoj, Marko (2016) “skala¹”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *ska̋la”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “?skala”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (RPT 107)”