Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vьdova
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *widewāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁widʰéwh₂, possibly from *h₁weydʰh₁-.
Baltic cognates include Old Prussian widdewū (“widow”).
Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit विधवा (vidhavā, “widow”), विधु (vidhùṣ), Ancient Greek ἠΐθεος (ēḯtheos), Latin vidua f (“widow”), viduus, Old Irish fedb f, Gothic 𐍅𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍅𐍉 f (widuwō).
Also compare Lithuanian vidùs (“interior”), Latin dīvidō.
Noun
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *vьdovà | *vьdòvě | *vьdovỳ |
| genitive | *vьdovỳ | *vьdovù | *vьdòvъ |
| dative | *vьdově̀ | *vьdovàma | *vьdovàmъ |
| accusative | *vьdovǫ̀ | *vьdòvě | *vьdovỳ |
| instrumental | *vьdovòjǫ, *vьdòvǫ** | *vьdovàma | *vьdovàmī |
| locative | *vьdově̀ | *vьdovù | *vьdovàsъ, *vьdovàxъ* |
| vocative | *vьdovo | *vьdòvě | *vьdovỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vьdova”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 536
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “vьdova vьdovy”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b widow (NA 89, 141; SA 20, 171f.; PR 135)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “vdova”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *vьdova̋”
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “вдова”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “вдова”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 136
- Oleg Trubačóv (1959) “вдова”, in История славянских терминов родства (in Russian), Moscow, page 112