Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vьrvь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wírwis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer-.

Noun

*vь̑rvь f

rope, cord, string

Alternative forms

*vьrvi (ī-stem)
*vеrvь, *vеrvьka (East Slavic)

Declension

Declension of *vь̑rvь (i-stem, accent paradigm c)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*vь̑rvь	*vь̑rvi	*vь̑rvi
genitive	*vьrví	vьrvьjù, vьrvľu^*	*vьrvь̀jь
dative	*vь̑rvi	*vьrvьmà	*vь̑rvьmъ
accusative	*vь̑rvь	*vь̑rvi	*vь̑rvi
instrumental	*vьrvьjǫ́	*vьrvьmà	*vьrvьmì
locative	*vьrví	vьrvьjù, vьrvľu^*	*vь̑rvьxъ
vocative	*vьrvi	*vь̑rvi	*vь̑rvi

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

*vьrvьje
*vьrvьca, *vьrvica, *vьrvьčica (diminutive)
*vьrviti (“to thread, to proceed”)

Related terms

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: вьрвь (vĭrvĭ)
  - Russian: ве́рвь (vérvʹ) (dialectal)
  - ⇒ Ukrainian: верве́чка (vervéčka)
- ⇒ Russian: верёвка (verjóvka)
  - → Belarusian: вяро́ўка (vjaróŭka)
  - → Ukrainian: вірьо́вка (virʹóvka)
  - → Yup'ik: ilavkuk, mulu'uvkaaq
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: врьвь (vrĭvĭ)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰲⱃⱐⰲⱐ (vrĭvĭ)
- Bulgarian: връв (vrǎv)
- Serbo-Croatian: (obsolescent)
  Cyrillic script: вр̑в, вр̑вца
  
  Latin script: vȓv, vȓvca
- Slovene: vȓv (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: vrv

From *vьrvьca

Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: вр̀пца

Latin script: vr̀pca
Macedonian: врвца (vrvca)

References

^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “vьrvь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “f. c (SA 156; PR 138)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “vrv”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *vь̑rvь”

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “вервь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “верёвка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “връв”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 187
“virvė”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė , 2007–2012

[1] Olander, Thomas (2001) “vьrvь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “f. c (SA 156; PR 138)”

[2] Snoj, Marko (2016) “vrv”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *vь̑rvь”