Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vitędzь
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Based on the ethnonym Proto-Germanic *wīkingaz (whence Old Norse víkingr). Of uncertain ultimate origin; more at Vikings.
Similar semantic shift ethnonym → hero, legendary figure is also found in Old Polish obrzym (“giant”), from Proto-Slavic *ob(ъ)rinъ, originally meant "Avar".
Alternatively, according to Brückner, Machek and Schuster-Šewc, of Proto-Slavic origin, from vitь "trophy", compared with Church Slavonic въвесить.
According to Brückner and Machek, medial -t- probably is due to the influence of Proto-Slavic *vitěnьcь (“provider, supplier, guardian”) from Proto-Slavic *viti (“to twine, to curve”). Compare Old Church Slavonic възвитъ (vŭzvitŭ, “provisions, supply”).
Noun
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *vìtędzь | *vìtędza | *vìtędzi |
| genitive | *vìtędza | *vìtędzu | *vìtędzь |
| dative | *vìtędzu | *vìtędzema | *vìtędzēmъ |
| accusative | *vìtędzь | *vìtędza | *vìtędzę̇ |
| instrumental | *vìtędzьmь, *vìtędzemь* | *vìtędzema | *vìtędzī |
| locative | *vìtędzi | *vìtędzu | *vìtędzīxъ |
| vocative | *vìtęže | *vìtędza | *vìtędzi |
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
See also
- *kъ̏nędzь (“prince”)
Descendants
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Bulgarian: ви́тег (víteg), ви́тез (vítez), ви́тец (vítec)
- Macedonian: витез (vitez)
- Church Slavonic: витѧѕь (vitędzĭ) (Serbian)
- → Hungarian: vitéz
- → Romanian: viteaz
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: vȋtez (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ви́тязь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “витег, витек, витец”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 154
References
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “vitez”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Slovan. *vi̋tędzь”