Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xaropǫditi
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Compound of *xarъ (“gloomy, dark”) + *-o- + *pǫditi (“to fear, to be afraid”).
Verb
- get very frightened (mostly about horses and cattle)
- to be annoyed, to be angry, to misbehave
Declension
Conjugation of *xaropǫditi, *xaropǫdi, *xaropǫditь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *xaropǫďenьje | *xaropǫditi | *xaropǫditъ | *xaropǫdilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *xaropǫďenъ | *xaropǫdimъ |
| Active | *xaropǫďь | *xaropǫdę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *xaropǫdixъ | *xaropǫdi | *xaropǫdi | *xaropǫďǫ | *xaropǫdiši | *xaropǫditь |
| Dual | *xaropǫdixově | *xaropǫdista | *xaropǫdiste | *xaropǫdivě | *xaropǫdita | *xaropǫdite |
| Plural | *xaropǫdixomъ | *xaropǫdiste | *xaropǫdišę | *xaropǫdimъ | *xaropǫdite | *xaropǫdętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *xaropǫďaaxъ | *xaropǫďaaše | *xaropǫďaaše | — | *xaropǫdi | *xaropǫdi |
| Dual | *xaropǫďaaxově | *xaropǫďaašeta | *xaropǫďaašete | *xaropǫdivě | *xaropǫdita | — |
| Plural | *xaropǫďaaxomъ | *xaropǫďaašete | *xaropǫďaaxǫ | *xaropǫdimъ | *xaropǫdite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*xaropǫdivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
- *xarъ (“gloomy, dark; dilapidated, shabby”)
- *xarati, *xariti
- *xarobylьje n, *xarobura f
- *xorъ (“dark, black”)
- *xorxoriti (“to brag, show off; to be defiant”)
- *xorostь (“beauty, pleasantness; convenience”)
- *xoroščьnъ (“beautiful; good”)
- *xorovitъ (“beautiful; kind, fine”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: *харопѫдити (*xaropǫditi)
- Old Ruthenian: *харопудити (*xaropuditi)
- Ukrainian: харапу́дитися (xarapúdytysja, “get scared (about a horse, ox); to be afraid”), ⇒ схарапу́дити (sxarapúdyty, “to scare”)
- Russian: (dialectal) харапу́зить (xarapúzitʹ, “to misbehave”), харапу́жить (xarapúžitʹ, “to annoy”), харапу́житься (xarapúžitʹsja, “to be a bully, to pick on”)
- Old Ruthenian: *харопудити (*xaropuditi)
- Old East Slavic: *харопѫдити (*xaropǫditi)
References
- ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xaropǫditi (sę)?”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 20
- ^ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2012), “харапудитися”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 6 (У – Я), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 157: “псл. *xaropǫditi (sę) ― psl. *xaropǫditi (sę)”
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1973) “харапу́жить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 4 (Т – Ящур), Moscow: Progress, page 223