Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ẹrkek
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
It has originally been considered to be a derivation from the near-synonymous *ēr (“man”), however most sources have since disputed this, noting the vowel mismatch (*ẹ- as opposed to *ē-) and impossible morphology (the denominal suffix *-kek ~ *-gek is used to form body parts)[1].
Erdal instead suggests a derivation from *ẹrk (“young ram”) with the diminutive suffix *-ak, compare *oglak (“kid”), the diminutive of *ogul (“child”), for a reverse semantic shift.
Could be related to *erkeč (“he-goat”) if it was originally pronounced *ẹrkeč.[1]
Adjective
*ẹrkek or *hẹrkek
- (Common Turkic) male
- Synonym: *ēr
Declension
Declension of *ẹrkek
| Singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| Nominative | *ẹrkek |
| Accusative | *ẹrkekig, *ẹrkekni1) |
| Genitive | *ẹrkekniŋ |
| Dative | *ẹrkekke |
| Locative | *ẹrkekde |
| Ablative | *ẹrkekden |
| Allative | *ẹrkekgerü |
| Instrumental 2) | *ẹrkekin |
| Equative 2) | *ẹrkekče |
| Similative 2) | *ẹrkekleyü |
| Comitative 2) | *ẹrkekligü |
1) Originally only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Arghu:
- Khalaj: hirkək
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Kipchak:
- Siberian:
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Erdal, Marcel (1991) Old Turkic Word Formation, volume I, Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, pages 74, 84
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “érkek”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 223-224
- Erdal, Marcel (1991) Old Turkic Word Formation, volume I, Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 41
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “erkek”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 46
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill