Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-iĺ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-l (“suffix forming nouns designating abstract ideas from verbs”).^[1]

*-iĺ

1. Forms deverbal nouns.

   ‎*ȫk- (“to heap up”) + ‎*-iĺ → ‎*ȫküĺ (“many”)

1. Unlike in Middle Turkic and onwards, the suffix originally had a dominant vowel.

   ‎*karga- (“to curse”) + ‎*-iĺ → ‎*kargïš (“curse”)

2. In Common Turkic, upon being affixed into a verb ending in *-š, crasis from *-šVš to *-š occured.

   ‎*kōš- (“to couple”) + ‎*-iĺ → ‎*kōš (“couple”)

• Erdal, Marcel (1991) Old Turkic Word Formation‎, volume I, Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 262
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page xlv
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “+Iş”, in Nişanyan Sözlük