Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kunduŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Unknown. Eren (1999) argues that this word is composed of *kund (“?”) + *-uŕ (“deverbal noun-making suffix”).

Often compared with Proto-Ugric *kuntɜ (“beaver”), whence Hungarian hód, Northern Mansi хунтыль (huntylʹ). Both loaning directions (Turkic → Ugric, Ugric → Turkic) have been proposed.

Original meaning of this root, beaver, is contaminated in select languages with the secondary semantic derivation of otter.

Noun

*kunduŕ

beaver
otter

Declension

Declension of *kunduŕ

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*kunduŕ
Accusative	kunduŕnï, kunduŕug ⁴⁾, *kunduŕnïg ¹⁾
Genitive	*kunduŕnïŋ
Dative	*kunduŕka
Locative	*kunduŕta
Ablative	*kunduŕtan
Allative	*kunduŕgaru
Instrumental ²⁾	*kunduŕun
Equative ²⁾	*kunduŕča
Similative ²⁾	*kunduŕlayu
Comitative ²⁾	*kunduŕlugu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: хӑнтӑр (hănt̬ăr)
Common Turkic: *kunduz

Oghuz:
- West Oghuz:
  - Old Anatolian Turkish:
    - Azerbaijani: qunduz
    - Ottoman Turkish: قوندوز (kunduz), قوندز (kunduz)
      - Turkish: kunduz
      - → Arabic: قُنْدُس (qundus), قُنْدُز (qunduz)
      - → Armenian: խունտուզ (xuntuz)
    - → Middle Armenian: խնդուզ (xnduz), խնտուզ (xntuz)
- East Oghuz:
  - Turkmen: gunduz
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: قوندوز (qunduz)
  - Uyghur: قۇندۇز (qunduz)
  - Uzbek: qunduz
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: ҡондоҙ (qondoź)
  - Tatar: кондыз (qondız)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: qunduz
  - Karachay-Balkar: къундуз (qunduz)
  - Kumyk: хундуз (xunduz)
- South Kipchak:
  - Kazakh: құндыз (qūndyz, “otter”)
  - Nogai: кундыз (kundız)
- East Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: кундуз (kunduz)
  - Southern Altai: кумдус (kumdus)
Siberian:
- Old Uyghur: kwntwz (kuntuz, “beaver”)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan:
    - Tuvan: кундус (kundus, “otter”)
    - Tofa: һундус (xundus)
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: хундус (xundus)
    - Shor: қумдус (kumdus, “lizard”)

Animals in Turkic
Dog	dog: *ït	Hunting Dog	hunting dog: *eker	Hen	hen: *tiakïgu
Lark	lark: *torgay	Pigeon	dove, pigeon: *kȫkerčin	Quail	quail: *bïldurčïn
Sparrow	sparrow: *serče	Hawk	hawk, falcon: *kïrguy	Goose	goose: *kāŕ
Wolf	wolf: *bȫrü	Cow	cow: *ingek	Calf	calf: *buŕagu
Camel	camel: *tebe	Young Camel	young of camel: kȫĺek, botu	Horse	horse: *at
Foal	foal: *kulun	Worm	worm: *kūrt	Snake	snake: *yï̄lan
Fox	fox: *tilkü	goat	goat: *keči	He-goat	he-goat: *teke
Lion	lion: *arsïlan	Fish	fish: *bālïk	Abramis brama	carp bream: *čapak
Donkey	donkey: *eĺčgek	Carp	carp: *siāŕgan	Catfish	catfish: *yāyïn
Beaver	beaver: *kunduŕ	Hedgehog	hedgehog: *kirpi	Badger	badger: *borsmuk
Fly	fly, mosquito: *siŋek	Bee	wasp, bee: *ārï	Gadlfy	gadfly: *bȫgen
Moth	moth: *küńe	Louse	louse: *bït	Earthworm	earthworm: *sïbuĺgan
Yak	yak: *kotuz	Colt	colt: *sïp	Dragon	dragon: *siāŕgan
Worm	worm: *kūrt	Deer	deer: keyik, sïgun, bulan, bugu	Lizard	lizard: *keleŕ

References

^ Entry #1781 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
^ Dybo, A. V. (2007) Lingvističeskije kontakty rannix tjurkov: leksičeskij fond, pratjurkskij period [Language contacts of early Turks. The Proto-Turkic period]‎ (in Russian), Moscow: Oriental Literature, Russian Academy of Sciences

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kunduz”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 635
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entry=kunduz

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Eren, Hasan (1999) “Proto-Turkic/kunduŕ”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language] (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, page 267

Räsänen, Martti (1969) “*kuntuz (< *kuntuŕ)”, in Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 301
Doerfer, Gerhard (1963–1975) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission)‎ (in German), Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, page 1534

External links

http://turkic.elegantlexicon.com/turkforms.php?form=beaver

[1] Entry #1781 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

[2] Dybo, A. V. (2007) Lingvističeskije kontakty rannix tjurkov: leksičeskij fond, pratjurkskij period [Language contacts of early Turks. The Proto-Turkic period]‎ (in Russian), Moscow: Oriental Literature, Russian Academy of Sciences

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kunduŕ

Contents

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Noun

Declension

Descendants

See also

References

External links

Wikious

Boobota

Sagapedia