Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/-ta

This Proto-Uralic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

*-ta / *-tä

1. from; forms the ablative case, indicating motion away from

• Proto-Samoyedic: *-tə
  • Nenets:
    • Tundra Nenets: (-d)
• Mari:
  • Eastern Mari: (-č)
• Proto-Mordvinic: *-də (ablative), *-stə (elative), *-ldə
  • Erzya: -до (-do) / -де (-ďe), -сто (-sto) / стэ (ste), -лдо (-ldo) / -льде (-ľďe)
  • Moksha: -да (-da), -ста (-sta), -лда (-lda)
• Proto-Samic: *-tē (partitive)
• Proto-Finnic: *-ta/*-da (partitive), *-sta (elative), *-lta (ablative)

May have originally indicated possession.^[1]

The reconstruction without a preceding vowel *-e- is based on the assertion by SKRK that the original form did not have it, the comparison with Khanty and the possible Finnic descendants which show no sign of the preceding vowel.

*-ta

1. A generic adjective marker attached to roots, maybe primarily or exclusively.

• *-eta

• Ugric:
  • >? Northern Khanty: -ты (-ty) (e.g. вўрты (wŭrty, “red”) (Shuryshkar) from вўр (wŭr, “blood”))^[2]
• Finnic:
  • ⇒ Proto-Finnic: *-ut
  • ⇒? Finnish: -usta, -sto

From *-eta:

• Permic:
  • Komi:
    • Komi-Permyak: -ыт (-yt)
    • Komi-Zyrian: -ыд (-yd)
  • Udmurt: -ыт (-yt)
• Proto-Mordvinic: *-ədə
  • Erzya: -одо (-odo), -адо (-ado), -ода (-oda)
  • Moksha: -ада (-ada), -еда (-eda), -да (-da)
• Proto-Samic: *-ëtē
• Proto-Finnic: *-ëda

• *-ta-

• Serebrennikov, B. A. (1967) Istoričeskaja morfologija mordovskix jazykov [Historical morphology of the Mordvinic languages] (in Russian), Moskva, page 19