Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/balgijan

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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *balgijaną.

Verb

*balgijan[1][2][3]

  1. to anger, enrage

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive *balgijan
1st sg. past *balgidā
Infinitive *balgijan
Genitive infin. *balgijannjas
Dative infin. *balgijannjē
Instrum. infin. *balgijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *balgiju *balgidā
2nd singular *balgisi *balgidēs, *balgidōs
3rd singular *balgiþi *balgidē, *balgidā
1st plural *balgijum *balgidum
2nd plural *balgiþ *balgidud
3rd plural *balgijanþ *balgidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *balgijē *balgidī
2nd singular *balgijēs *balgidī
3rd singular *balgijē *balgidī
1st plural *balgijēm *balgidīm
2nd plural *balgijēþ *balgidīd
3rd plural *balgijēn *balgidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *balgi
Plural *balgiþ
Present Past
Participle *balgijandī *balgid

Descendants

  • Old Saxon: belgian
  • Old High German: belgen

References

  1. ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*balgjan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 49
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*balʒjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 34
  3. ^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 209:PWGmc *balgijan