Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/gerstu

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *gerstō.^[1]^[2]

Noun

*gerstu f

barley
Synonym: *barī

Declension

ō-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*gerstu
Genitive	*gerstā
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*gerstu	*gerstō
Accusative	*gerstā	*gerstā
Genitive	*gerstā	*gerstō
Dative	*gerstē	gerstōm, gerstum
Instrumental	*gerstu	gerstōm, gerstum

Related terms

*gurst

Descendants

Old English: gorst, gors (< *gurst m)
- Middle English: gorst, gors, gorste, gost, grost
  - English: gorse
  - Yola: goss, gorr
Old Frisian: *jerste
- Saterland Frisian: Jäärste, Jüste
Old Saxon: gersta
- Middle Low German: gerste
  - German Low German: Garste, Garst
  - Plautdietsch: Joascht
Old Dutch: *gersta
- Middle Dutch: gerste
  - Dutch: gerst
    - Afrikaans: gars
      - → Xhosa: írhási
    - → Papiamentu: gerst (dated)
Old High German: gersta
- Middle High German: gerste
  - Alemannic German: Geerste
  - Bavarian: Geaschtn
    - Cimbrian: ghéersta
    - Mòcheno: gerst
  - Central Franconian: Jääsch, Gääscht
    - Luxembourgish: Geescht
  - German: Gerste
  - Yiddish: גערשט (gersht)

References

^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*gerstō-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 306
^ Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Gerste”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 260: “*gerstō”

[1] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*gerstō-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 306

[2] Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Gerste”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 260: “*gerstō”

[1]

[2]