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Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grūwēn. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grūwēn, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grūwēn in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grūwēn you have here. The definition of the word
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Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
Unclear, perhaps ultimately an imitative derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers- (“to bristle”),[1] or instead from *gʰer- (“to rub, stroke, grind”).[2]
Verb
*grūwēn
- to be frightened, to be horrified
Inflection
| Class 3 weak
|
| Infinitive
|
*grūwēn
|
| 1st sg. past
|
*grūw?dā
|
| Infinitive
|
*grūwēn
|
| Genitive infin.
|
*grūwēnijas
|
| Dative infin.
|
*grūwēnijē
|
| Instrum. infin.
|
*grūwēniju
|
| Indicative
|
Present
|
Past
|
| 1st singular
|
*grūwē
|
*grūw?dā
|
| 2nd singular
|
*grūwēs
|
*grūw?dēs, *grūw?dēs
|
| 3rd singular
|
*grūwēþ
|
*grūw?dē, *grūw?dā
|
| 1st plural
|
*grūwēm
|
*grūw?dum
|
| 2nd plural
|
*grūwēþ
|
*grūw?dud
|
| 3rd plural
|
*grūwēnþ
|
*grūw?dun
|
| Subjunctive
|
Present
|
Past
|
| 1st singular
|
*grūwē
|
*grūw?dī
|
| 2nd singular
|
*grūwēs
|
*grūw?dī
|
| 3rd singular
|
*grūwē
|
*grūw?dī
|
| 1st plural
|
*grūwēm
|
*grūw?dīm
|
| 2nd plural
|
*grūwēþ
|
*grūw?dīd
|
| 3rd plural
|
*grūwēn
|
*grūw?dīn
|
| Imperative
|
Present
|
|
| Singular
|
*grūwē
|
| Plural
|
*grūwēþ
|
|
|
Present
|
Past
|
| Participle
|
*grūwēndī
|
*grūw?d
|
Descendants
References
- ^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “gruwen”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “460”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 460
