Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hōlijan

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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *hōlijaną.

Verb

*hōlijan

  1. to speak vainly (of)
  2. to calumniate, slander

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive *hōlijan
1st sg. past *hōlidā
Infinitive *hōlijan
Genitive infin. *hōlijannjas
Dative infin. *hōlijannjē
Instrum. infin. *hōlijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *hōliju *hōlidā
2nd singular *hōlisi *hōlidēs, *hōlidōs
3rd singular *hōliþi *hōlidē, *hōlidā
1st plural *hōlijum *hōlidum
2nd plural *hōliþ *hōlidud
3rd plural *hōlijanþ *hōlidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *hōlijē *hōlidī
2nd singular *hōlijēs *hōlidī
3rd singular *hōlijē *hōlidī
1st plural *hōlijēm *hōlidīm
2nd plural *hōlijēþ *hōlidīd
3rd plural *hōlijēn *hōlidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *hōli
Plural *hōliþ
Present Past
Participle *hōlijandī *hōlid

Descendants

  • Old English: hēlan
  • Old High German: huolen