Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/niuwjōn
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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *niwjōną. Equivalent to *niwi (“new”) + *-ōn.
Verb
*niuwjōn
Inflection
| Class 2 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *niuwjōn | |
| 1st sg. past | *niuwjōdā | |
| Infinitive | *niuwjōn | |
| Genitive infin. | *niuwjōnijas | |
| Dative infin. | *niuwjōnijē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *niuwjōniju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *niuwjō | *niuwjōdā |
| 2nd singular | *niuwjōs | *niuwjōdēs, *niuwjōdōs |
| 3rd singular | *niuwjōþ | *niuwjōdē, *niuwjōdā |
| 1st plural | *niuwjōm | *niuwjōdum |
| 2nd plural | *niuwjōþ | *niuwjōdud |
| 3rd plural | *niuwjōnþ | *niuwjōdun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *niuwjō | *niuwjōdī |
| 2nd singular | *niuwjōs | *niuwjōdī |
| 3rd singular | *niuwjō | *niuwjōdī |
| 1st plural | *niuwjōm | *niuwjōdīm |
| 2nd plural | *niuwjōþ | *niuwjōdīd |
| 3rd plural | *niuwjōn | *niuwjōdīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *niuwjō | |
| Plural | *niuwjōþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *niuwjōndī | *niuwjōd |
Related terms
Descendants
- Old English: nīewian, nīwian, nēowian, nīwiġan
- Old Frisian: nīa
- Old Saxon: *niuwōn
- Old Dutch: *niuwon
- Middle Dutch: niewen
- Dutch: nieuwen (dialectal)
- ⇒ Middle Dutch: verniewen, verniën
- Dutch: vernieuwen
- Middle Dutch: niewen
- Old High German: niuwōn
- Middle High German: niuwen
- German: neuen (archaic)
- ⇒ Middle High German: verniuwen, verniun, vernūen, vernūwen, vernuowen, ferniuwen
- German: verneuen (archaic)
- ⇒ Middle High German: verniuweren, verniuwern, ferniuwern
- German: verneuern (archaic)
- ⇒ Old High German: irniuwōn
- Middle High German: niuwen