Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skrīban

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *skrībaną, borrowed from Latin scrībō.

Verb

*skrīban^[1]

to write

Inflection

Strong class 1
Infinitive	*skrīban
1st sg. past	*skraib
3rd pl. past	*skribun
Past ptcple	*skriban
Infinitive	*skrīban
Genitive infin.	*skrībannjas
Dative infin.	*skrībannjē
Instrum. infin.	*skrībannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*skrību	*skraib
2nd singular	*skrībiʀi	*skribī
3rd singular	*skrībidi	*skraib
1st plural	*skrībum	*skribum
2nd plural	*skrībid	*skribud
3rd plural	*skrīband	*skribun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*skrībē	*skribī
2nd singular	*skrībēs	*skribī
3rd singular	*skrībē	*skribī
1st plural	*skrībēm	*skribīm
2nd plural	*skrībēþ	*skribīd
3rd plural	*skrībēn	*skribīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*skrīb
Plural	*skrībid
	Present	Past
Participle	*skrībandī	*skriban

Descendants

Old English: sċrīfan
- Middle English: shryven, schriven, shriven, schrifen, schrevyn, schryfen, schryvyn, sriven, shrive, shrife
  - English: shrive
  - Scots: schrive
Old Frisian: skrīva
- North Frisian:
  Föhr-Amrum: skriiw
  Mooring: schriwe
  Sylt: skriiv
  Wiedingharde: skriwwe
- Saterland Frisian: skrieuwe
- West Frisian: skriuwe
Old Saxon: skrīvan
- Middle Low German: schrîven
  - Low German: schrieven
Old Dutch: scrīvan
- Middle Dutch: schriven
  - Dutch: schrijven
    - Afrikaans: skryf
    - Jersey Dutch: sxrāive
    - Negerhollands: skriev, skrif
    - Skepi Creole Dutch: screef
    - → Sranan Tongo: skrifi
      - Aukan: sikiifi
      - Saramaccan: sikífi
  - Limburgish: sjrieve
Old High German: skrīban, scrīban
- Middle High German: schrīben
  - Alemannic German: schriibe
  - Bavarian:
    Cimbrian: sraiban
  - Central Franconian: schrieve, schrjve (Aachen), schreiwe (Moselle Franconian)
    Hunsrik: schreive
  - German: schreiben
  - Luxembourgish: schreiwen
  - Rhine Franconian:
    Pennsylvania German: schreiwe
  - Vilamovian: śrajwa
  - Yiddish: שרײַבן (shraybn)

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 137: “PWGmc *skrīban”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 137: “PWGmc *skrīban”

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