Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/spruttjan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains original research. The reconstruction in this entry is based on published research, but the specific form presented here is not found in prior works.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Closely related to the strong verb *spreutan. Possibly from *sprutō (“sprout”) +‎ *-jan.

Verb

*spruttjan

to sprout, to geminate
to burst forth; spout; squirt

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*spruttjan
1st sg. past	*spruttā
Infinitive	*spruttjan
Genitive infin.	*spruttjannjas
Dative infin.	*spruttjannjē
Instrum. infin.	*spruttjannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*spruttju	*spruttā
2nd singular	*sprutisi	spruttēs, spruttōs
3rd singular	*sprutiþi	spruttē, spruttā
1st plural	*spruttjum	*spruttum
2nd plural	*sprutiþ	*spruttud
3rd plural	*spruttjanþ	*spruttun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*spruttjē	*spruttī
2nd singular	*spruttjēs	*spruttī
3rd singular	*spruttjē	*spruttī
1st plural	*spruttjēm	*spruttīm
2nd plural	*spruttjēþ	*spruttīd
3rd plural	*spruttjēn	*spruttīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*spruti
Plural	*sprutiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*spruttjandī	*sprutt

Related terms

*sprottōn

Descendants

Old English: spryttan
- Middle English: sprytten, sprutten, sputten (in part)
  - English: sprit, spirt, spurt
  - Scots: spret, sprit
Old Saxon: *spruttian
- Middle Low German: sprütten
Old Dutch: *sprutten
- Middle Dutch: sprutten
Old High German: spruzzjan, *spruzzen
- Middle High German: sprützen
  - German: spritzen
    - → Saterland Frisian: spritsje
    - → Dutch: spritsen
    - → West Frisian: sprytse
  - Yiddish: שפּריצן (shpritsn)
    - → English: spritz
  - → German Low German: sprützen
  - → Italian: spruzzare