Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/unþahaldan
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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From *unþa- (“away”) + *haldan (“to hold, keep”).
Verb
*unþahaldan
Inflection
| Strong class 7c | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *unþahaldan | |
| 1st sg. past | *unþaheald | |
| 3rd pl. past | *unþahealdun | |
| Past ptcple | *unþahaldan | |
| Infinitive | *unþahaldan | |
| Genitive infin. | *unþahaldannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *unþahaldannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *unþahaldannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *unþahaldu | *unþaheald |
| 2nd singular | *unþahaldiʀi | *unþahealdī |
| 3rd singular | *unþahaldidi | *unþaheald |
| 1st plural | *unþahaldum | *unþahealdum |
| 2nd plural | *unþahaldid | *unþahealdud |
| 3rd plural | *unþahaldand | *unþahealdun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *unþahaldē | *unþahealdī |
| 2nd singular | *unþahaldēs | *unþahealdī |
| 3rd singular | *unþahaldē | *unþahealdī |
| 1st plural | *unþahaldēm | *unþahealdīm |
| 2nd plural | *unþahaldēþ | *unþahealdīd |
| 3rd plural | *unþahaldēn | *unþahealdīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *unþahald | |
| Plural | *unþahaldid | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *unþahaldandī | *unþahaldan |
Derived terms
Descendants
- Old English: ōþhealdan
- Old Frisian: *undhalda
- Old Saxon: *undhaldan, *andhaldan
- Old Dutch: *anthaldan
- Middle Dutch: onthouden
- Dutch: onthouden
- Afrikaans: onthou
- Negerhollands: onthou van
- Dutch: onthouden
- Middle Dutch: onthouden
- Old High German: *inthaltan