Reconstruction:Proto-West Semitic/malʔak-
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This Proto-West Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Semitic
Etymology
From *ma- (agent prefix) + *lʔak- (“to send”).[1][2]
Noun
*malʔak-[1]
Descendants
- Central Semitic:
- Northwest Semitic:
- Amorite:
- Aramaic:
- Canaanite:
- Ugaritic: 𐎎𐎍𐎀𐎋 (mlảk /malʾaku/)
- Old South Arabian:
- Northwest Semitic:
- Ethiopian Semitic: (possibly borrowed from Aramaic[5])
- Amharic: መልአክ (mälʾäk)
- Ge'ez: መልአክ (mälʾäk)
- → Arabic: مَلْأَك (malʔak), مَلَك (malak)
- → Abaza: мальаикь (malᶻaikʲ)
- → Abkhaz: амаалықь (amaaləkʲ)
- → Adyghe: мэлэӏич (mɛlɛʼič)
- → Armenian: մալաք, մալախ (malakʻ, malax)
- → Avar: малаик (malaik)
- → Azerbaijani: mələk
- → Chechen: малик (malik)
- → Classical Persian: مَلَک (malak)
- → Dargwa: малайк (malajk)
- → Farefare: malɛka
- → Fula: maleyka
- → Hausa: mala'ika
- → Ingush: малайк (malajk)
- → Javanese: ꦩꦭꦲꦺꦏꦠ꧀ (malaékat)
- → Kabardian: мэлэӏыч (mɛlɛʼəč)
- → Khwarezmian: ملك (mlk)[6]
- → Kumyk: малайик (malayik)
- → Northern Kurdish: melek, milyaket
- → Lezgi: малаик (malaik)
- → Malay: malak, malaikat
- Indonesian: malaikat
- → Maranao: mala'ikat
- → Moore: malɛka
- → Ngiti: màlàyikà
- → Ottoman Turkish: ملك (melek)
- → Swahili: malaika
- Tooro: malaika
- → Tabasaran: малайик (malajik)
- → Tat: малах
- → Tausug: malāikat
- → Turkmen: melek
- → Yoruba: màlékà
- → Arabic: مَلْأَك (malʔak), مَلَك (malak)
- Tigrinya: መልኣኽ (mälʾax)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Pardee, Dennis (2011) “Ugaritic”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 464: “maLʾaK-”
- ^ Leslau, Wolf (1991) “303”, in Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN
- ^ Streck, Michael P. (2000) Das amurritische Onomastikon der altbabylonischen Zeit (Alter Orient und Altes Testament; 271) (in German), volume 1: Die Amurritcr. Die onanistische Forschung. Orthographic und Phonologic. Nominal Morphology, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, →ISBN, page 104
- ^ Arbach, Mounir, Maraqten, Mohammed (2018) “Notes on the root LʾK “to send” and the term mlʾk “messenger” in the ancient South Arabian inscriptions”, in Semitica Et Classica: International Journal of Oriental and Mediterranean, volume IX
- ^ Klein, Ernest (1987) “מַלְאָךְ”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English, Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 348
- ^ Benzing, Johannes (1983) “mlk”, in Chwaresmischer Wortindex, Wiesbaden: Harrasowitz, page 410